This post directly inspired by ObligatoryLangblrBlog’s Tumblr post, ”What Intentional Language Study Actually Looks Like.”
Dear Reader,
I should have known I was in for it when I decided to start learning Cherokee (ᏣᎳᎩ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ or tsalagi) this year.
Y’see, on the Foreign Service Institute (FSI) language difficulty scale, Cherokee is considered a Class IV language. Like Greek, Lao, or Russian, it features significant linguistic and/or cultural differences from English. Learners need 1,100 hours — roughly six and a half weeks, if you never slept – of study to gain general professional proficiency [Level C1]. (The FSI itself generously suggests 44 weeks for a program of study, presumably for better survival rates.)
So how do we best structure our study sessions to get the most out of them?
This Language Study Schedule Template created by Xefjord on R/LearningLanguages.
Find the alt text for this chart on the Language Learning community here.
Xefjord did an amazing job with this study schedule template. They even used the correct FSI time adjustments below each category. They recommend using the Casual, Regular, or Serious schedules during the weekdays, hitting the extended schedule for your chosen mode on weekends.
As with everything, your mileage may vary. Beginners (in the A1-B1 range) will want to focus more time on building grammar and vocabulary. Intermediate/advanced learners (B2-C2) should shift their attention to immersive content. You’ll also need to modify your schedule to take advantage of your resources, talents, and interests.
The great news is that you can address most of these areas of study — for free — in Overhill Cherokee.
Vocabulary
We’re starting with vocabulary because Xefjord recommends using this time on the schedule to learn syllabary as well. Cherokee is a primarily tonal language that changes spellings pretty frequently from my understanding, so it’s important to get comfortable with this to move onto grammar more easily.
Mango Languages has a two-chapter, eleven-lesson, course on Cherokee. You’ll learn how to greet, part, and introduce yourself among friends. I get ML through my local public library, but you can pay $11.99/month (or $119.99 annual) for a single language account. If it’s available through your library (or university), you will need to log in through that portal instead of the website.
Ed Fields teaches the online courses through the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma (CNO). His Cherokee courses are available to everyone in 20 classes each on YouTube. Each course is an hour-long and taught in the traditional Cherokee way, giving each topic the time that it needs to take. Such a slow pace should be great for first-time learners of a language. Others, usually with another language under their belt, complain that it’s a very slow way of teaching. Cherokee 1 is mostly focused on phonetics and pronunciation without introducing the syllabary. Cherokee 2 introduces the syllabary. Cherokee 3 is completely in Cherokee syllabary, “covering a broad range of topics.”
There is also the Rogers State University 48-course class, in conjunction with the CNO. Wade Blevins has a more American approach to teaching the language, imo. That may be more comfortable for folks with previous language experience. Depends on your learning style. It seems the classes progress to become more immersive than grammatical, but a solid foundation of grammar is set up in the first dozen lessons. You are also introduced to syllabary right off the bat.
No matter who you choose (and I vote for both!), each will introduce you to the tonal nature of the language, which is key to parsing the grammar.
If you’re using the Fluent Forever technique, See, Say, Write [download] can provide a lot of practice with the pronunciation of phonemes. It will begin with one syllabary character and build an entire sentence based on it. mp3 audio is included with the text. Durbin Feeling’s Cherokee Reader may be the same book without the audio (but I haven’t perused either much past Lesson 1). In any case, it’s the same building-block concept as SSW.
Other necessary vocabulary tools will include:
- A dictionary. I love this one because you can search Cherokee words either phonetically or in syllabary. You can also choose which source you are pulling definitions from (including the Bible), which will give example sentences with which to practice.
- Word lists. The CNO has a ton of language posters (!) grouped around various topics. These are especially great because you can use the icons on your flashcards to prompt recall instead of doing a one-to-one translation. The moon cycle poster was hanging in my office for ages because it’s cute.
- Flashcards. If you’re using the Fluent Forever method, the Cherokee Dictionary has a list of the first 625 words you should learn. These are elementary words around categories such as the days of the week, parts of the body, etc.
And don’t forget the CNO Consortium Word List from 2024!
Grammar
We Are Learning Cherokee is a grammar-forward textbook that starts with the conjugation of personal pronouns with present-tense verbs. The syllabary is only introduced in the epilogue, so you may want to start this as soon as you are done with Mango Languages and/or Ed Fields’ Cherokee 1.
Handbook of the Cherokee Verb uses the syllabary alongside phonetic spellings. Unfortunately, it’s also very “crunchy,” grammatically speaking, so I wouldn’t recommend it until you’ve gone through a few classes and/or We Are Learning Cherokee. The highlight of this book (besides a thorough explanation of verbs) is the exercises at the back. It also comes with a companion guide, Learning to Use the Cherokee Verb, which takes you through the verb tenses of 30 words, including four of the five versions of the verb “to have” (Living, Long, Flexible, and Liquid, ignoring Neutral).
Reading Practice
Things get a little trickier here. Unfortunately, a lot of the reading resources are in Middle/Kituwah dialect thanks to the intensive efforts of the Eastern Band of Cherokee (EBCI). I was able to borrow a copy of Charlotte’s Web through my university workplace. Because I’m still at the start of the A1 level, I have no idea how dis/similar the two dialects are. I hope that I can report back in a year or two’s time.
For easily obtainable Overhill dialect materials, the only resource that springs to mind is The Cherokee New Testament. This is completely in syllabograms, although I might use this to work on my phonetics at some point (which I can post for folks’ use/reference here).
The only other resource I can think of that is readily available is the Cherokee Phoenix, which will occasionally print articles either in full or in part in the syllabary (like this article about Miss Cherokee 2008). If you check out their Language Section, you’ll find articles that start in English and are then translated to Cherokee at the bottom, with audio files for further practice.
If I find any other free resources, I will post them here.
Listening Practice
Is this the part where I can share one of my favorite singers? Agalisiga “Chuj” Mickey is a country-folk singer who writes his songs in Cherokee. They’re a little mournful, delightfully complex, and apparently win second-graders second-place at the Oklahoma Native American Youth Language Fair. His first album, Nasgino Inagei Nidayulenvi, was released in October 2024. It’s available on Spotify, iTunes, and Bandcamp. You can listen along and write down words (or eventually phrases) you recognize, filling in lines you don’t with the liner notes as needed. Sing along to practice speaking!
I also really love Inage’i, which featured its 25-minute debut episode on YouTube. This is a kids’ show, with great animation, completely in Cherokee. We follow a bear, a rabbit, a wolf, and a deer as they learn lessons about the world around them. This first episode features a delightful lesson about being respectful of Kvli’s medicinal roots. I don’t know if there are other episodes out there, or how you might find them, but I really hope that I can stream an entire season very soon!
The OSU television station, Osiyo.TV, has published ten seasons of Let’s Talk Cherokee. The first six seasons are comprised of minute-long episodes that go over one specific phrase. After season one, these videos feature cute little kids. Seasons seven and eight introduces animated elements into the one-minute format. Seasons nine and ten are the real gold: The episodes range from three to five minutes, focused on specific topics (eating, stickball, the story of the first fire). They should inject a ton of new words into your lexicon!
Any words you can’t recognize should be added to your vocabulary practice!
Speaking Practice
This is probably the hardest for folks on the East Coast, mostly because I am unaware of any Overhill speakers at this end of the country.
You can absolutely hire Cherokee tutors (not that that’s “for free,” like I offered at the beginning of this post). However, I would be remiss not to mention it! There’s nothing like live feedback and guidance to help you practice the natural fluidity of speaking.
Like ObligatoryLanguageBlog mentions in the original post, there are some options for those of us who are estranged from speaking resources: Reading out loud. Responding to questions or statements in your textbooks to simulate off-the-cuff conversations.
What about you? Do you think this language study schedule template could help you with the language you’re learning? Which section would you most look forward to and which would be the hardest for you to accomplish?
And if you’re learning Cherokee (like me!), can you think of any free resources I might have missed?
Happy learning!